ETG Calculation Formula: The Science Behind Detection Time

Understand the science behind ETG calculation. Learn the half-life formula, see real examples, and discover what factors affect detection time.

6 min read 2025-12-14

The Quick Answer

Your body eliminates ETG at a predictable rate. The formula is simple: your ETG level drops by half every 2-3 hours. That's the core of every ETG calculator, including ours.

Remember
  • ETG follows exponential decay with a half-life of 2-3 hours
  • Peak ETG occurs about 2-3 hours after your last drink
  • Detection time depends on amount consumed and test sensitivity

Try it now — enter your details below:

Quick ETG Check

Instant estimation (No data saved)

1 drink = 12oz beer / 5oz wine / 1.5oz shot
Likely Detected ~938 ng/mL

High Probability of Detection

Estimated 10 more hours until low risk (<100ng/mL).

Get Detailed Analysis

*This is an estimation only. Individual results vary. Not legal or medical advice.

The Half-Life Decay Formula

Here's the exact formula used in our ETG Calculator:

ETG(t) = Peak × 0.5^(t / half-life)

This exponential decay formula calculates your estimated ETG level at any point in time. As time passes, your ETG concentration drops by half every 2-3 hours.

Variables

ETG(t)

Current Level

Your estimated ETG concentration at time t (in ng/mL)

Peak

Peak ETG

Maximum ETG produced after drinking (typically 5,000-10,000 ng/mL per drink)

t

Time Elapsed

Hours since peak (about 2-3 hours after your last drink)

half-life

Half-Life

Time for ETG to reduce by 50% (typically 2-3 hours)

How the Calculation Works

Let's break down the formula into simple steps:

Step 1: Estimate Peak ETG

When you drink alcohol, your liver converts it into ETG (Ethyl Glucuronide). The amount produced depends on how much you drank:

DrinksEstimated Peak ETG
1-2 drinks5,000-15,000 ng/mL
3-4 drinks15,000-30,000 ng/mL
5-6 drinks30,000-50,000 ng/mL
7+ drinks50,000+ ng/mL

Peak ETG typically occurs 2-3 hours after your last drink—not when you stop feeling drunk.

Step 2: Apply the Decay Formula

Once ETG peaks, it starts declining. The half-life (time to drop by 50%) is approximately 2-3 hours for most people.

Example calculation:

  • You had 4 drinks (Peak: ~20,000 ng/mL)
  • After 3 hours: 20,000 × 0.5 = 10,000 ng/mL
  • After 6 hours: 10,000 × 0.5 = 5,000 ng/mL
  • After 9 hours: 5,000 × 0.5 = 2,500 ng/mL
  • After 12 hours: 2,500 × 0.5 = 1,250 ng/mL

Step 3: Compare to Test Cutoff

Your result depends on which cutoff threshold the test uses:

CutoffCommon UseAt 1,250 ng/mL
500 ng/mLEmployment, standard tests❌ Fail
100 ng/mLProbation, court-ordered❌ Fail

In this example, you'd need to wait longer. Let's continue:

  • After 15 hours: ~625 ng/mL (still failing 500)
  • After 18 hours: ~312 ng/mL (passing 500, failing 100)
  • After 24 hours: ~78 ng/mL (passing both)

What Affects Your Results

The formula uses averages. Your actual results may vary by 20-30% based on:

Metabolism Speed

Some people process ETG faster than others. Factors include:

  • Liver health — healthier liver = faster processing
  • Age — metabolism slows with age
  • Genetics — enzyme variations affect clearance rate

Body Composition

  • Body weight — larger bodies have more fluid volume, diluting ETG
  • Hydration — well-hydrated = more dilute urine samples
  • Sex — women typically show higher peak ETG than men for same amount

The Alcohol Itself

  • Drink strength — a strong craft beer counts as 1.5+ standard drinks
  • Food intake — eating slows alcohol absorption, affecting peak timing
  • Drinking speed — rapid consumption = higher peak ETG

Important Limitations

Our calculator provides estimates, not guarantees. Here's what it can't account for:

  1. Individual variation — your metabolism might be 30% faster or slower than average
  2. Test accuracy — lab equipment has its own margin of error
  3. Sample timing — urine concentration varies throughout the day
  4. Incidental exposure — hand sanitizers, mouthwash can add small amounts

Always add buffer time. If the calculator says you'll clear in 10 hours, wait 15 to be safe.

The Science Behind It

This formula isn't something we invented. It's based on peer-reviewed research:

  • Wurst FM et al. (2006) — "Ethyl glucuronide: update" in Forensic Science International
  • Helander A, Beck O (2005) — "Ethyl sulfate: a metabolite of ethanol" in Clinical Chemistry
  • SAMHSA Guidelines — Standard cutoff recommendations for ETG/ETS testing

Our calculator implements these findings transparently. Unlike some competitors who hide their algorithms, we show you exactly how it works.

Common Questions

The formula is based on medical research and provides a solid estimate. However, individual variation means your actual results could be 20-30% different. Factors like liver health, body weight, and genetics all play a role. For important tests, always add extra buffer time beyond what the calculator shows.


This page is for educational purposes only. It does not constitute medical or legal advice. Individual results vary significantly. Consult a healthcare provider or legal professional for guidance specific to your situation.